雅思写作课程-第十一课-大作文的类型
五种类型的雅思文章
雅思观点类文章
some people think that only electric cars should be allowed on the road by 2040.
有些人认为，到2040年，应该只允许电动汽车上路。
雅思议论文
some people think there should be free health care for all people, but others disagree. disscuss both sides.
有些人认为应该为所有人提供免费医疗保健，但其他人不同意。双方都争辩。
some people think that urban spaces should be used for parks rather than for housing. Discuss both sides and give your opinion.
有些人认为城市空间应该用于公园而不是住房。讨论双方并发表您的意见。
雅思优缺点文章
some people think it is good for students to take a gap year before going to university. What are the advantages and disadvantages of doing so?
有些人认为学生在上大学之前间隔一年是件好事。这样做的优点和缺点是什么？
some people think the world will eventually have only one language. Do you think the advantages of having one global language outweigh the disadvantages？
有些人认为世界最终将只有一种语言。你认为拥有一种全球语言的优点大于缺点吗？
雅思解决方案文章
some children have serious weight problems. What are the possible solutions?
有些孩子有严重的体重问题。有哪些可能的解决方案？
children in rural areas are being left behind in their academic development. Why is this the case? What solutions can you suggest?
农村地区的儿童在学业发展方面被落在后面。为什么会这样呢？您能建议什么解决方案？
More and more people are moving to cities to look for work. What problems does this cause? What are the possible solutions?
越来越多的人搬到城市寻找工作。这会导致什么问题？有哪些可能的解决方案？
直接问题文章
pollution around the world is becoming a serious problem. Do you think this is a problem that should be solved intenationally or on a local level?
世界各地的污染正在成为一个严重的问题。你认为这是一个应该在国内还是在地方一级解决的问题？
more and more people are choosing to work from home. Is this a positive or negative development?
越来越多的人选择在家工作。这是一个积极的还是消极的发展？
Some people spend a lot of money on weddings. Why do they do this? Do you think it is good to spend a lot of money on weddings?
有些人在婚礼上花了很多钱。他们为什么要这样做？你认为花很多钱在婚礼上好吗？
News editors decide what to print in newspapers and what to broadcast on TV. What factors do you think influence these decisions? Do we become used to bad news? Would it be better if more news was reported?
新闻编辑决定在报纸上刊登什么以及在电视上播放什么。您认为哪些因素会影响这些决定？我们习惯了坏消息吗？如果报道更多的新闻会更好吗？
转述技巧
consume = use
people = humans
teenagers = ?
使用同义词
The amount of fuel consumed …
【正确转述】The amount of fuel used …
The amount of meat consumed …
【错误转述】The amount of meat used …
meat是食物，所以需要用吃
The amount of meat eaten …
当讨论不同的种族的时候，使用human，讨论的是人类，不是动物，因此使用human
Human activities, such as deforestation and fossil fuel consumption, have led to serious environmental problems.
当讨论交通拥堵的时候，使用people，而不是human，因为动物不存在城市中的交通拥堵问题。
【错误转述】Due to traffic congestion, human should make an effort to use more public transport in urban areas.
形容年轻人可以使用的词：teenager = adolescent = youth
The growth in teenage crime
The growth in adolescent crime
【错误转述】The growth in youth crime
修改后： The number of youths committing crime has grown.
题目与范文
【题目】In many contries, the proportion of older people is steadily increasing. Does this trend have positive or negative effects on society?
这道题是优缺点类型的文章，下面是范文
Technological change and the increase in personal wealth have contributed to the improvement in life expectancy, and many countries have seen their population ageing at an unprecedented pace. The problems of this demographic change far outweigh its positive impact.
因为科技的的发展和人们财富的增加，人口寿命一直在延长。虽然老年人可以为社会做贡献，但是人口的变化可能会导致很多问题。
One social problem related to population ageing is that the medical cost will increase dramatically and hurt the economy. The need for medical care as well as the spending on it tends to increase with age. Ederly people are prone to health problems such as heart disease, arthritis and cancer, so a country with a large proportion of people over 65 has to increase the expenditure on medical services to treat aging-related conditions. This leads to a budget cut for education, infrastructure projects and scrientific research, which can affect a society adversely not only in the quality of life but also in long-term economic growth.
一个和老龄化相关的问题是健康医疗的费用会激增，这会对纳税人施加负担。大部分的医疗需求和费用都在晚年出现。因此，政府需要花很多钱在照顾老年人上，而其他的一些关键服务如教育就会面临资金的问题。
Another problem is that the productivity of the whole society will drop as the number of workers aged 65 and above increases. An ageing society normally has to raise the pension eligibility age to keep the pension scheme running, so it is not unusual for senior citizens to stay in the workforce even in their 60s. These people, however, struggle with cognitive decline and other conditions which can limit their ability to process information and handle work. If they delay retirement, their poor performance may have an adverse impact on companies’ productivity and profitability. This can exacerbate the economic problem mentioned earlier and have an adverse impact on social progress.
工作节奏慢可能是另外一个问题，随着年纪比较大的工作者数量增加。随着年龄增长，人们吸收信息和处理工作的能力会下降。如果老年人推迟退休，他们可能会影响公司的效率和盈利。
On the other hand, it is possible that societies can tap into the wisdom and experience of elderly people. Having worked for decades, they are experts in their fields of work and have practical experience, specialist knowledge and work-related tips that they can share with younger generations. Senior business managers, for example, teach young people how to manage a company and to deal with complaints and queries of clients, while veteran researchers can pass on their knowledge to young scientists about how to oversee and execute projects. This would not happen if people did not live long lives.
另一方面，很多人会推迟退休并延长职业生涯，而他们的经验和智慧是种财富。人们既然更加长寿，他们会选择继续留在岗位上，而他们在自己的领域都是专家。他们可以作为顾问而工作并将自己的知识和技能传授给年轻人。比如，一些资深的管理人员会教年轻人如何管理一家公司，以及如何更好地服务客服。
In conclusion, a rapidly-aging population can impose a strain on the medical system and reduce the productivity of a country. These social issues cannot be tackled easily, although the wisdom of elderly people can yield benefits for society.
总而言之，寿命的急剧延长已经给很多国家的健康医疗施加了压力，也会影响劳动力的产出。这会影响经济发展，虽然我们可以利用老年人的智慧。