Plant Scents植物气味

正确率：7/13

• （做对了）第一题： Substance released to help plants themselves.释放来帮助植物自身的物质。

• 第二题：Scent helps plant’s pollination.
  Paragraph A: Everyone is familiar with scented flowers, and many people have heard that floral odors help the plant attract pollinators.
  A段：每个人都熟悉有香味的花，很多人都听说花香有助于植物吸引传粉昆虫。

• （做对了）第三题：Practice on genetic experiment of fragrance.香料遗传实验的实践

• （做对了）第四题：Plant’s scent attracts herbivore’s enemy for protection.植物的气味吸引了食草动物的敌人来保护它。

• （做对了）第五题：We have few evidence to support the idea that scent attracts pollinators.

• 第六题： Heliothis virescens won’t eat those tobacco leaves on which they laid eggs.
  Heliothis virescens是一种昆虫，全文没有提到是否会吃自己下蛋的哪些烟草叶。因此是Not Given.

• 第七题 Certain ants are attracted by volatiles易变的，不稳定的 to guard plants in rainforest.

• 第八题：Pollination传粉 only affects fruit trees’ production rather than other crop trees.
  Paragraph D: Floral scent has a strong impact on the economic success of many agricultural crops that rely on insect pollinators
  D段提到了，农业也依赖昆虫传粉。题目说传粉只影响水果产量是错误的，因此正确选项是False

• 第九题：How do wasps protect plants when they are attracted by scents according to the passage?
  wasps lay eggs into caterpillars.
  根据段落，当“黄蜂”被气味吸引时，它们如何保护植物？
  黄蜂将卵产入毛毛虫体内。
  These signals attract a variety of predatory insects that prey on the plant-eaters. For example, some parasitic wasps can detect the volatile signature of a damaged plant and will lay their eggs inside the offending caterpillar
  因此正确选项是B

• 第十题（做对了）：What reason caused a number of honeybees decline in the United States.

• 第十一题：Which of the following drawbacks about artificial fragrance香味 is NOT mentioned in the passage?
  it needs massive manual labour

• 第十二题 （做对了）The number of $30 billion quoted in the passage is to illustrate the fact that:

• 第十三题： What is weakness of genetic experiments on fragrance?
  这道题因为时间紧张，所以漏选了。
  These experiments are still preliminary: For technical reasons, the gene was expressed everywhere in the plant, and although the transgenic plants did create small amounts of linalool, the level was below the threshold of detection for the human nose.
  这些实验仍然是初步的：出于技术原因，该基因在植物中到处表达，尽管转基因植物确实产生了少量的linalool，但水平低于人类鼻子的检测阈值。
  因此正确选项是A Linalool level is too low to be smelt by nose. Linalool水平太低，无法用鼻子闻到

生词笔记

pollination 传粉
fragrance 香味
herbivore食草动物
Heliothis烟芽夜蛾
volatiles易变的，不稳定的
crop庄稼作物，例如马铃薯、稻谷等等
wasps黃蜂，螞蜂
caterpillars毛蟲，蠋（蝴蝶或飛蛾的幼蟲）
manual 手动的
preliminary初步的
transgenic转基因

We have Star performers!我们有明星表演者！

正确率：7/12

• 第十四题： One example from non-commerce/business settings that better system win bigger stars一个非商业/非商业领域的例子是，更好的系统能够胜过更杰出的个人。
  While Chelsea and Real have the funds to be compulsive star collectors, they are less successful than Arsenal and United which have put much more emphasis on developing a setting within which. There is no settled system for the stars to blend into stars-in-the-making can flourish. (F)
  因此正确选项是F

• 第十五题（做对了）：One failed company that believes stars rather than the system一个失败的公司相信的是个人才而不是系统

• 第十六题：One suggestion that the author made to acquire employees than to win the competition nowadays 作者提出的一个建议是现在获取雇员比赢得竞争更为重要。
  这句话的意思是，如果不是通过招聘已经出名的顶级人才，那么你可以通过培养自己的人才来在人才争夺战中取得竞争优势。

• 第十七题（做对了）：One metaphor to human medical anatomy that illustrates the problems of hiring stars.
  提供一个比喻来说明雇佣顶级人才存在问题的问题，并将其与人体医学解剖联系起来。

• 第十八题：McKinsey who wrote The War for Talent had not expected the huge influence made by this book.
  Not given
  我找了半天文章中也没有找到McKinsey，所以答案应该是Ng，而不是随便选一个Yes
  第十九题（做对了）：

• 第二十题： The collapse of Enron is caused totally by an unfortunate incident instead of company’s management mistake.
  安然公司的崩溃完全是由于不幸事件而非公司管理上的错误所致。
  我们可以看到，安然公司的失败并不是来自一次不幸的事件，而是来自于公司的信念以及管理。这是一个棘手的问题，因为你必须在多个段落中找到答案（段落 B 和 E）。没有关于安然公司遭遇任何不幸事件的信息。

第二十一题（做对了）：
第二十二题（做对了）：

• 第二十三题+第二十四题： Participants of a survey by Harvard Business Review found a company hire a ? has negative effects. For instance, they behave considerably worse in a new team than in the ? that they used to be.
  (star-stock) analysts
  star performer
  第二十五题（做对了）：
  第二十六题（做对了）：

生词笔记2

Star performers指的是那些在其领域或活动中取得杰出成就的人，通常以他们的才华、技能或成绩而闻名。
metaphor隐喻
anatomy解剖学
Compliance服从
drilling钻探
comply with服从
note: 我找了半天文章中也没有找到McKinsey，所以答案应该是Ng，而不是随便选一个Yes

Compliance Or Noncompliance For Children对于儿童，是服从还是不服从

第二十七题（做对了）：
第二十八题：
第二十九题（做对了）：
第三十题：
第三十一题（做对了）：

• 第三十二题（做对了）：Henry Porter
  第三十三题（做对了）：Wallace Friesen
  第三十四题（做对了）：Steven Walson
  第三十五题（做对了）：Paul Edith
  这四道题很简单，找到人名，然后看人的发言。进行单词定位就可以找到答案了。

• 第三十六题：Socialization takes a long process, while compliance is the beginning of it.这句话的意思是，社会化是一个长期的过程，而遵守规范是这个过程的起点。
  答案未给出

• 第三十七题：Many parents were difficult to be aware of compliance or noncompliance.
  A number of parents were not easy to be aware of the compliance, some even overlooked被忽视 their children’s noncompliance.
  因此答案是Yes

• 第三十八题：Noncompliant Children are simple to deal with the relationship with the people at the same age when they are growing up.
  当孩子们不服从时，他们在成长过程中与同龄人建立关系会变得更加简单。
  Noncompliant Children sometimes prefer to say to directly as they were younger, they are easy to deal with the relationship with contemporaries when they are growing up
  因此答案是Yes

• 第三十九题：Experts never tried drilling compliance into children.专家们从不尝试把服从灌输给儿童
  原文是专家试图反复训练孩子服从，因此答案是No

• 第四十题：Psychologist Paul Edith negated the importance that knowing how to praise children in an encouraging way.心理学家保罗·埃迪斯强调了以鼓励的方式懂得如何表扬儿童的重要性。
  心理学家 Paul Edith 否定了了解如何以鼓励的方式表扬孩子的重要性。
  原文中是肯定以鼓励的方式表扬孩子的重要性,Psychologist Paul Edith insisted praise is the best way to make children comply with，因此正确答案是No

  生词笔记3

  Compliance服从
  negate 否定、拒绝或使无效
  Drilling通过反复训练或重复练习来强化或巩固某种技能
  contemporaries 指的是与该人年龄相仿或在同一时间段内生活的人。这个词可以用来描述同龄人、同学、同事、朋友等。
  overlooked被忽视

注意：在选择YES/ No/ Not Given的时候，需要注意词语里的Never, negate否定，insist等词语。这表达了否定或者肯定的意思。如果原文和题目的意思都是肯定，那么就选择Yes。