第二十二套-雅思真题错题解析
第一篇: 人物传记
错题一
Henderson gave up portraiture so that he could focus on taking photographs of scenery.
答案: True
解析:
第五段第一句
From about 1870 he dropped portraiture to specialize in landscape photography and other views.
错题二
Henderson’s last work as a photographer was with the Canadian Pacific Railway.
答案: T
解析:
题干译文:Henderson作为摄影师的最后一份工作是为加拿大太平洋铁路效力。
定位词:last work, Canadian Pacific Railway
文中对应点:第八段最后一句:He continued in this post until 1897, when he…
本题要凭借大写专有名称找到Canadian Pacific Railway十分容易,但要顺利得出正确答案却颇费一些周章。原因在于,Canadian Pacific Railway第一次出现在第七段结尾句,考生阅读这句只能了解到Henderson沿这条铁路去过某地拍摄照片;继续向下阅读第八段第一句,发现接下来他确实接受了这家铁路公司提供的全职工作但这是否就是他的最后一份工作?此句还是没有提及。再向后阅读两句也没有相关信息,一直到本段最后一句才终于明确说到:Henderson一直在这个职位上干到彻底退休不再摄影,这才能百分百确定答案为TRUE。
生词: post 职位
错题三
worked for CPR in 1885 and photographed the ____ and the railway at Rogers Pass
答案: mountains
原文
where he took photographs of the mountains
and the progress of construction.
错误答案: progress或者construction
生词:
canoe独木舟;皮划艇;小划子
第二篇: 回到摩天大楼设计的未来
错题一
a comparison between the circulation of air in a 19th-century building and modern standards
答案: E
解析: 文中对应点:Section E第一段第一句:We discovered that 19-century hospital wards could generate up to…
本题的难度相对比较低:一则题干中的modern在原文中一模一样地重现,再则无论题干中的comparison还是原文中的对应表述similar to都是考生非常熟悉的常规词汇,此时只要克服对这种题型的恐惧畏难心理,耐心逐句阅读原文句子、再不时对比题干各句寻找对应信息,即可确定本题答案的归属。
错题二
Professor Alan Short examined the work of John Shaw Billings, who influenced the architectural ____ of hospitals to ensure they had good ventilation.
Alan Short教授研究了John Shaw Billings的工作,他影响了医院的建筑风格,以确保医院通风良好。
答案: design
解析: 文中对应点:Section D第一段最后一句:Of particular interest were those built to the designs of John Shaw Billings, including…
空格内应填名词。虽然题干中Alan Short教授本人的姓名也是大写,但考生在阅读到Section D此处时应该早已意识到,这位教授是全文中无处不在的信息,这个大写名称是无法帮助定位的;所幸John Shaw Billings这个大写人名还是比较好找的,考生在定位后只需从原文中built to the designs of的表述中看出此处意思是“按照Billings的设计来建造的”,即可明白此处的built就是在同义替换题干中的architectural一词,从而顺利得出答案:designs。
原文: D段落,Of particular interest were those built to the designs
of John Shaw Billings, including the first Johns Hopkins Hospital in the US city of Baltimore (1873-1889).
生词: Of particular interest 特别感兴趣
错题三
A major reason for improving ventilation in 19th-century hospitals
was the demand from
the ____ for protection against
bad air,known as miasmas.
答案: public
解析: 文中对应点:Section F 第一段第一句:Much of the ingenuity present in 19th-century hospital and building design was driven by…
空内仍填名词。本题与下一题再次共用同一个定位句,此句比上一道题的定位难度低了不少,因为无论是题干中的major reason与原文中driven by的简单替换,还是题干中protection against与原文中protect against的不同词性对应,都是比较简单的。对比题干所需与原文所说,可知答案应为:public。
生词:
clamouring (尤指乱哄哄地)大声地喊叫,呼叫;大声(或吵闹)地要求
prestige声望
lamenting哀叹
contends争辩说
with dementia患有痴呆症
cholera outbreaks霍乱爆发
ingenuity 独创力;心灵手巧;聪明才智
present in存在于;出现于
原文: Much of the ingenuity present in 19h-century hospital
and building design was driven by
a panicked public
clamouring for buildings that could protect against
what was thought to be the lethal threat of miasmas - toxic air that spread disease.
第三篇: 为什么公司应该欢迎混乱
错题一
B段落应该选什么样的标题
答案: i. Complaints about the impact of a certain approach
解析: 文中对应点:此部分虽然也由两个段落组成,但无论从长度上还是阅读难度上都比上一题友好得多:从不同句子中一再出现的负面情绪表达ironically, fin, dissatisfied、fall short of这些地方,考生应该能顺利觉察出是在描述不满和疑问,从而正确选项为i。
原文: A large proportion of workers from all demographics claim to be dissatisfied with the way their work is structured and the way they are managed.来自所有人口统计数据的很大一部分员工声称对他们的工作结构和管理方式不满意。
生词: ironically具有讽刺意味的是;令人哭笑不得的是
fin
fall short of = to be less than the amount or standard that is needed or that you want 低于所需或您想要的金额或标准
错题二
E段落应该选什么样的标题
答案: ix. Evidence that a certain approach can have more disadvantages than advantages
解析: 文中对应点:纵观整段的四句话,会发现中心大意都是在探讨“有用性在递减””如果非要去花过多的时间精力来做某事还不如不做”,由此可以找出量合适的选项应为ix
错题三
Numerous training sessions are aimed. at people who feel they are not____ enough
答案: productive
文中对应点:Section A 第二段第二句:We are told that we ought to organise our company, our home life, our week, our day and…
空内需填形容词,且根据句意可知是修饰限定这个上课人群的形容词。对于没有采用平行阅读来全面照顾本篇所有题目、只是凭借题干关键词希望能更快找到出题处的考生来说,做完此题可能会有点“欲速则不达”之感。文章中Section A第二段中确实有着coutless seminars and workshops这样对应题干numerous training sessions的信息,但此句本身却并没有提及是什么人要学这样的课程;如果继续向后文阅读,很快会遇到下一道题目的相关内容,根据填空题顺序出题的原则,最终还是要向更前面的位置去寻找答案,其实不如直接采用平行阅读、带着寻找题干信息的任务从每段每句开始阅读来得更方便。真正出题句中的more与题干中not enough的痛义替换关系还是比较明显的,对比可知:答案应为productive。
错题四
Being organised appeals to people who regard themselves as_____
答案: perfectionists
生词: self-proclaimed自称的;自命的
错题五
Both businesses and people aim at order without really considering its value.
答案: T
文中对应点:Section D最后一句:The result is that businesses and people spend time and…
本题的出处距离上一道题略远,因此对于考生的阅读耐心提出了一定要求;但题干中作为主语的名词词组businesses and people,在原文中一模一样地重现,所以也不算是定位困难的题目。找到定位句原文并对比题干表述以后,可知正确答案为TRUE。
生词:
forefathers祖先;祖宗(尤指男性)
bandwagon 潮流,时尚,风靡的活动
devoid 缺乏
venerate 崇敬
deminishing = make or become less
detrimental有害的
disorganisation组织混乱
boundaryless无界限的;管理无边界;无边界;边界壁垒;无疆界的