第三十六套-雅思真题错题解析
第一篇: 什么时候进化会返祖
- salamanders 蝾螈
- exemplify 例证
- atavisms 退化特征
- humpback 驼背
- appendages 附肢
- irreversible 不可逆的
- make toes 形成脚趾
- lizards 蜥蜴
- amphibians 两栖动物
- axolotl 美洲大蜥蜴
- metamorphose 变形
- minuscule 微小的
- amphibians 两栖动物
- atavism返祖现象
- parallels drawn between A and B A和B之间的相似之处
- qualified it验证它
34分钟,正确率 7/14 https://ieltscat.xdf.cn/practice/result/read/6856/24D3968FB87C0C92
第二遍,18分钟,正确率11/14 https://ieltscat.xdf.cn/practice/result/read/6856/A0A990E1B4714F2C
第三遍,15分钟,正确率11/14 https://ieltscat.xdf.cn/practice/result/read/6856/F806808AB7C81ED0
错题一
The humpback whale caught off Vancouver Island is mentioned because of
提到在温哥华岛捕获的座头鲸是因为
答案: D.the reason given for its unusual features.
第四段:Yet almost since the idea took root, exception shave been cropping up In 1919, for example, a humpback whale with a pair of leg-like appendages over a metre long, complete with a full set of limb bones, was caught of Vancouver Island in Canada. Explorer Roy Chapman Andrews argued at the time that the whale must be a throwback to a land-living ancestor. ‘I can see no other explanation,’ he wrote in 1921.
A项说“它身体的尺寸大得非比寻常”,而原文中并未提及座头鲸的身体大小。B项说“它很好地代表了Dollo法则”,但原文意在说明有很多例子可以反驳Dollo法则,座头鯨就是其中之一,与选项内容相矛盾。C项说“它在当地引发了一定量的矛盾看法”,这在原文中并无提及。D项说“对它不同一般的特点给出的原因”,原文中正是在提到座头鲸后由一位探索家给出了自己的看法,是正确选项。
错题二
Examples of evolutionary throwbacks have led to
译文:进化倒退现象的例子导致了
第五段:Since then, so many other examples have been discovered that it no longer makes sense to say that evolution is as good as irreversible. And this poses a puzzle: how can characteristics that disappeared millions of years ago suddenly reappear?
本题的定位距离上一题较远,对考生连读几句掌握其大意的能力要求也比较高。由于有了众多进化倒退的例证,就导致接下来的问题的提出,即正确选项A:the question of how certain long-lost traits could reappear.“某些消失已久的特征如何可以重新出现的问题”。
错题三
The shark and killer whale are mentioned to exemplify
译文:鯊鱼和虎鲸之所以被提到是为了例证
第九段:One possibility is that these traits are lost and then simply reappear, in much the same way that similar structures can independently arise in unrelated species, such as the dorsal fins of sharks and killer whales.
此题的定位并不困难,读懂sharks和killer whale 这两个定位词所在的句子即可解答。正确选项为B: the occurrence of a particular feature in different species.“某个特征在不同物种身上的同时出现”。
错题四
When discussing the theory developed by Louis Dollo, the writer says that
答案: it was modified by biologists in the early twentieth century,
题目:当讨论Louis Dollo所创立的理论时,
第三段:…a Belgian palaecontologist called Louis Dollo was studying fossil records and coming to the opposite conclusion. In 1890 he proposed that evolution was irreversible: …Early 20th-centurybiologists came to a similar conclusion, though they qualified it
in terms of probability stating that there is no reason why evolution cannot run backwards it is just very unlikely. And so the idea of irreversibility in evolution stuck and came to be known as ‘Dollo’s law’ .
作者认为A项说“它立刻就被命名为Dollo法则”,而原文明确说到此理论是经过另外些生物学家补充说明进行修改后逐步命名的,与此相矛盾。B项说“它支持了进化倒退的可能性”,可是Dollo法则的核心内容即认为“进化是不可倒退的” ,因此此项错误。C项说“它在20世纪初由一些生物学家进行了修改” ,正是本段第三句所说内容,为正确答案。D项说“它是建立在多年研究的基础之上”,这是原文中完全没有提及的内容。
第二篇: 乌龟的历史
35分钟,正确率6/14
生词
amphibious 水陆两栖的
no overlap无重叠
wet cluster
turned out to be positioned 结果被定位了
aquatic水生生物
tortoise陆龟
have resembled相似
gills 鳃
incarnation 化身
reptilian 爬行动物的
primeval原始的;远古的;出于原始天性的
plot the three measurements 绘制三个测量值
cluster 集群
错题一
The data was recorded on a ()
(necessary for comparing the information).
答案 graph|triangular graph
错题二
Outcome: Land tortoises were represented by a dense() of points towards the top.
答案:cluster
第三篇: 神经科学家揭示了如何不同的思考
正确率 10/14 https://ieltscat.xdf.cn/practice/result/read/6875/722B93DC84E7E4E9
iconoclasts 反传统的;批评传统信仰(或习俗思想)的
drumbeat 鼓声
conjectures 猜想
novelty新颖性
impediment障碍物
ridicule嘲笑
phobias恐惧症
intertwined交织在一起
bombard the brain轰炸大脑
beak a deal达成协议
impeded from受阻于
photons 光子
错题一
Neuroeconomics is a field of study which seeks to
C.understand how the brain is linked to achievement in competitive fields.
题目:神经经济学作为一个研究领域,旨在
A改变科学家对脑化学的解读。
B了解大脑如何做出正确决定。
C了解在激烈的竞争中大脑与成功的关系。
D追踪大脑不同部分中神经元的具体放电模式。
利用定位词可以将此题定位至文章第一段的第三句,然后和四个选项进行比较。句中的success可以对应题中的achievement,competitors可以对应题中的compettiive。句中which引导的非限制性定语从句对先行词neuroeconomics起了解释说明的作用。故答案应该选择C。选项D在第一段虽然被提及,但并非是神经经济学研究目的之所在,故排除。选项B根本未被提及,也可以排除。选项A貌似有道理,但实际上是对第一段某些词语的过度解读。
因此正确答案是C。
错题二
According to the writer, an iconoclastic thinker
B.avoids cognitive traps.
定位词:iconoclastic thinker
题目:作者认为传统叛逆者
A将认知思考集中于大脑一个区域。
B会避开认知陷阱。
C拥有天生就适合学习的大脑。
D会拥有比常人更多机会。
此题定位在第四段。该段第二句和第三句提到Iconoclasts see things differently to other people. Their brains do not fall into efficiency pitfalls as much as the average person’s brain. 这句话实际上对应的就是选项B。但是有些粗心的同学会因为average person这个词组选择D。在单选题中,见到自己认识的词能够对应就匆忙下笔选择,是错误的做法。考生一定要读清楚所有选项,弄明白选项与文中原句的关系,再进行选择。选项D不仅不正确,反而可以根据其中不存在的比较关系直接排除。选项A中的central一词,估计是发源于第四段第一句话Perception is central to iconoclasm. 应该直接被排除掉。至于选项C中出现的hardwired,在第四段第四行中Perception is not something that is hardwired into the brain.就已经被否定了。
因此正确答案是B。
错题三
Exposure to different events forces the brain to think differently.
答案:Y
参考译文:接触新鲜事物会迫使大脑进行创新思考。
定位词:brain, think differently
文中对应点 第五段:The best way to see things differently to other people is to bombard the brain with things it has never encountered before. 要想思维方式与众不同,最佳做法就是往大脑里塞其闻所未闻的东西。这道题目实际上需要利用上一大题来确定其大位置是在第五段,这里考生一定要注意每个大题之间的衔接,雅思考试中大多数题目都是按顺序出的。
在确定大致位置之后,再用定位词确定该题的确切位置是在第一句。 bombard 一词是“轰炸”的意思,此处有强迫大脑接收信息的含义,对应题目中的forces;encounter可以对应题目中的exposure。
答案:YES
错题四
If you think in an iconoclastic way, you can easily overcome fear.
答案:N
文中对应点 第六段:Fear is a major impediment to thinking like an iconoclast and stops the average person in his tracks. 恐惧是阻止人们像传统叛逆者那样思考的主要障碍,它使普通人在创新思考的道路上踌躇不前。
此题出题思路有点绕,对应句的意思是说恐惧阻止了普通人像传统叛逆者那样进行思考。而且整个第六段都是在讲恐惧,尤其是对公开演讲的恐惧,是如此常见,甚至被认为是人性之一,显然,传统叛逆者也对公开演讲有恐惧,只是他们不会让这种恐惧在公开演讲时对自己产生阻碍。并不是像本题所叙述那样,传统叛逆者可以克服恐惧。
答案:NO