雅思阅读课程-第二课:选择题
https://ielts-up.com/reading/multiple-choice-lesson.html
在本课中,我们将学习如何回答雅思阅读中的选择题。要求你从3个或4个建议答案中选择正确答案。这类问题在试卷上看起来是这样的:
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多选题有3到4个答案,只有一个答案是正确的。通常有以下几种类型的答案:
提供信息的无关答案,文本中没有说明。
给出完全相反信息的答案。
答案给出了文本中的数字信息,但不是你被问到的内容。
正确答案。
回答策略:
阅读第一个问题,并在关键词下划下划线。
从头开始阅读文本,同时扫描与问题相关的信息。
一旦你在文本中找到了关键词或它们的同义词——寻找答案(应该在附近)。
一旦你找到了答案,就阅读接下来的几行文字,以确保它是正确的。另外,重读这个问题。
在其他问题上重复这个策略,但现在从上次停止的地方阅读文本。
如果你喜欢另一种策略,你也可以使用它。记住:回答雅思阅读题没有“正确”的策略。事实上,你可以尝试不同的回答策略,找出哪种最适合你。
提示:
- 扫描文本中的关键词及其同义词。
- 把明显错误的答案划掉。这将帮助您更快地确定正确答案。
- 问题的顺序可以帮助你。问题4的答案将在文本中问题3和问题5的答案之间。
- 不要依赖你自己的知识,正确的答案只包含文本中所述的信息。
Exercise 1
Is violence innate?
暴力是天生的吗?
In 1983, archaeologists in southern Germany discovered a mass grave containing 34 skeletons. They included 9 adult males, 7 adult females and 16 children.
1983年,德国南部的考古学家发现了一个包含34具骨架的乱葬坑。他们包括9名成年男性、7名成年女性和16名儿童。
All of the skeletons showed signs of fatal trauma, including head wounds. None of them showed any signs of defensive wounds, suggesting they were killed whilst running away.
所有的骨骼都显示出致命创伤的迹象,包括头部创伤。他们中没有一人表现出任何防御伤口的迹象,这表明他们是在逃跑时被杀的。
The “Talheim Death Pit” dates from the Stone Age, around 7,000 years ago. It offers some of the oldest evidence of organised group violence between two communities: that is, of war.
“塔尔海姆死亡坑”可以追溯到大约7000年前的石器时代。它提供了两个社区之间有组织的群体暴力的一些最古老的证据:即战争。
Clearly, humans have been fighting wars for thousands of years, and we may not be the only ones. There is growing evidence that several other species also engage in warfare, including our closest relatives the chimpanzees.
显然,人类已经打了数千年的战争,我们可能不是唯一的战争。越来越多的证据表明,其他几个物种也参与了战争,包括我们的近亲黑猩猩。
That suggests we have inherited our predilection for warfare from our ape-like ancestors. But not everyone agrees that warfare is inbuilt.
这表明我们从类人猿祖先那里继承了对战争的偏好。但并不是所有人都同意战争是内在的。
question
What did archaeologists in southern Germany discover?
德国南部的考古学家发现了什么?
A. Remains of 34 dead animals
B. Graveyard containing 34 skeletons
C. Relics of early civilization
D. 9 adult males, 7 adult females and 16 children
正确答案是B.
D选项很有迷惑性,因为原文“ They included 9 adult males, 7 adult females and 16 children.”的确提到了这些内容。但是结合问题来看,考古学家发现了什么?
B选项:考古学家发现了墓地里包含34个骨架
D选项考古学家发现9个成年男性,7个成年女性和16个孩子。后面这一句话就不准确。原文的意思是“这34具骨架里包括9个成年男性,7个成年女性和16个孩子的”
Exercise 2
Exercise 3
Why does coffee shoot out of the lid of your cup?
为什么咖啡会从你的杯盖里冒出来?
You’re running late for work and you’ve purchased your coffee in a hurry. Just as you arrive at the office, a jet of hot liquid escapes from the tiny hole in the lid, leaving you with hot beverage residue on your clothes before the day has really started.
你上班要迟到了,又匆匆忙忙地买了咖啡。就在你到达办公室时,一股热液体从盖子上的小孔中喷出,在一天真正开始之前,你的衣服上会留下热饮残渣。
This is exactly what happened to Rob Kaczmarek after buying a cup of his favourite caffeinated drink. The marketing director at Convergent Science was intrigued by why the coffee shoots out so far and therefore set about modelling this, initially as a joke for those who enjoy a bit of computational fluid dynamics. It’s the design of the lid that’s the problem, he explains.
这正是Rob Kaczmarek在买了一杯他最喜欢的含咖啡因饮料后发生的事情。Convergent Science的营销总监对为什么到目前为止咖啡会冒出来很感兴趣,因此开始对此进行建模,最初是为了给那些喜欢计算流体动力学的人开玩笑。他解释说,问题出在盖子的设计上。
“It happens because of the sloshing of the coffee against the lid, which is kind of unique. At the end of the lid, the hole is right up above that. As the coffee sloshes against the end of the lid, that velocity is amplified and it splashes up through the actual hole.”
“这是因为咖啡在盖子上晃动,这是一种独特的现象。在盖子的末端,洞就在上面。当咖啡在盖子末端晃动时,速度被放大,并通过实际的洞向上飞溅。”
Not all coffee cups are designed with a hole, of course. Some have lids with a tiny hole and others peel back to reveal a much larger gap, which offsets the shooting jets of hot liquid.
当然,并不是所有的咖啡杯都设计有一个洞。一些盖子上有一个小孔,另一些盖子向后剥落,露出一个更大的间隙,这抵消了热液体的喷射。
question
- What accident might occur at work in the morning, after you bought coffee?
你买了咖啡后,早上上班可能会发生什么事故?
A. You spill it all over the place accidently.你不小心把它弄得到处都是。
B. You get burns from the hot coffee.
C. You contaminate your clothes with it.你的衣服被它弄脏了。
D. Nothing out of ordinary.
正确答案是C。考的是同义替换。
hot beverage residue on your clothes热饮残留在衣服上, 等于你的衣服被弄脏
A选项,原文是 “a jet of hot liquid escapes from the tiny hole in the lid” 一股热液体从盖子上的小孔中喷出,原文没有提到把它弄得到处都是 - Rob Kaczmarek explains to us that:
A. The coffee shoots out very far. 咖啡冒得很远。
B. He sat his experiment as a joke. 他把他的实验当作一个笑话。
C. He was really intrigued by spilling the coffee.
D. Coffee spils because of the design of the lid.他解释说,问题出在盖子的设计上。
正确答案是D.
It’s the design of the lid that’s the problem, he explains.A选项和B选项都是对的,咖啡的确飞溅的很远,他的确把实验当成一个joke。
A选项和B选项都是对的,咖啡的确飞溅的很远,他的确把实验当成一个joke。
但是A和B选项并没有回答问题“Rob为我们解释说了什么,他解释说,问题出在盖子的设计上”